How should livestock manure organic fertilizer plants select raw materials?

For organic fertilizer manufacturers, raw material selection is not simply a matter of "using whatever is available"; rather, it involves supply chain decisions that require long-term balancing. 1.Supply Radius and Stability Due to high moisture content and significant transportation costs, sourcing should ideally be limited to a 50-kilometer radius. Large-scale farms generate manure year-round and serve as primary sources, whereas supplies from scattered smallholders fluctuate seasonally and can only serve as a supplement. A stable daily supply is a prerequisite for continuous production line operation. 2.Nutrient Content and Carbon-to-Nitrogen (C/N) Ratio Chicken manure is high in nitrogen, cattle manure is rich in fiber, and pig manure falls somewhere in between. Manufacturers rarely use a single type of manure; instead, they blend materials to achieve a C/N ratio of 25–30:1—such as mixing chicken manure with straw or cattle manure with spent mushroom substrate. These additives ensure that fermenting microorganisms receive balanced nutrition. 3.Moisture and Physical Properties Fresh manure typically has a moisture content of 70%–85%, which must be reduced to around 60% through solid-liquid separation or air-drying. Cattle manure, with its high fiber content, offers good permeability, whereas sticky chicken manure requires more frequent turning; these physical properties directly dictate fermentation process parameters. 4.Safety Indicators Heavy metals, salt content, and antibiotic residues pose hidden risks. Before committing to manure from a specific location, samples should be tested; if levels of copper, zinc, or salt exceed limits, the usage amount must be reduced or additives used for dilution. Once raw materials are selected, equipment configuration follows: high-moisture manure is first processed by a solid-liquid separator; trough-style fermentation systems are paired with high-torque turners to ensure deep turning and oxygenation; decomposed material is refined using a cage fertilizer crusher; a disc granulator or flat die pelleting machine is chosen based on the desired product form; and finally, screening and packaging machines complete the production process.