Fermentation process and composting effect of organic fertilizer production line

Fermentation process of organic fertilizer production line

1. 1. Heating stage: In the early stage of composting, the microorganisms in compost were mainly mesophilic and aerobic. The most common are non spore bacteria, spore bacteria and mold. They start the fermentation process of compost. Under aerobic conditions, it decomposes easily organic matter and produces a large amount of heat. The composting temperature increases from 20 ℃ to 40 ℃, which is called heating stage or medium temperature stage.
2. 2. High temperature stage: with the increase of temperature, the thermophilic microorganisms gradually replace the medium temperature type and play a leading role. The temperature continues to rise, generally reaching 50 ℃ or above in a few days, and entering the high temperature stage. In the high temperature stage, thermophilic actinomycetes and thermophilic fungi become the main species.
3. 3. Cooling stage: when the high temperature stage lasts for a certain time, most of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin have been decomposed. The remaining complex components, such as lignin and newly formed humus, are difficult to decompose. The activity of microorganism was weakened and the temperature was gradually decreased.
4. 4. Composting stage: after composting, the volume of compost decreases, and the temperature of compost decreases to slightly higher than the temperature. At this time, the compost should be compacted to create an anaerobic state and weaken the mineralization of organic matter, so as to maintain the compost.

The function of composting fermentation and turning in organic fertilizer production line is as follows

1. 1. Turning the pile can turn the outer layer unfermented materials and viable fermentation bacteria inside for fermentation, which is conducive to full and uniform decomposition.
2. 2. Turning the heap can reduce the temperature of the heap, which is beneficial to the retention of nitrogen and the transformation of phosphorus and potassium.
3. 3. Oxygen can be replenished by turning the reactor.
4. 4. Turning over can reduce the water content of the reactor.
5. 5. Turning over the pile is conducive to the elimination of odor.

For general farmyard compost, we suggest turning the compost 3-4 times a week.